Optimalisasi Pengenalan Dasar Coding Berbasis Visual untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital Siswa Sekolah Menengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47065/jpm.v6i3.2782Keywords:
Coding; Scratch; Computational Thinking; Islamic Digital Literacy; High SchoolAbstract
This activity was motivated by the low level of digital literacy and the limited implementation of programming education in secondary schools, which have resulted in students’ lack of understanding of computational thinking from an early age. In fact, this ability is essential for developing critical and creative thinking skills to face the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0. This condition highlights the need for educational interventions that introduce the concept of coding starting from the high school level. The workshop aimed to introduce the fundamentals of programming to students of SMA INS Kayutanam through an interactive visual approach using the Scratch platform. This platform was chosen because it is beginner-friendly, featuring a block-based interface that is easy to understand without requiring complex syntax. Through this activity, students learned programming logic, algorithmic thinking, and problem-solving skills in a fun and practical way. The implementation used a project-based learning approach that combined short lectures, demonstrations, hands-on practice, and group discussions. The activity was carried out over two days in the school’s computer laboratory, involving 20 students and two accompanying teachers. Each session focused on introducing programming logic, creating mini projects using Scratch, and evaluating learning outcomes through pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ understanding, with the average pre-test score increasing from 43 to 82 in the post-test. A total of 90% of participants expressed satisfaction with the activity, and 85% were interested in continuing to learn programming afterward. The visual-based workshop model proved effective in enhancing students’ motivation, confidence, and understanding of technology. This activity not only developed students’ cognitive abilities but also encouraged them to experiment, collaborate, and create through simple projects such as animations or interactive games. The program has the potential to serve as a sustainable community engagement model that integrates educational, technological, and social aspects in supporting the digital transformation of education in Indonesia.Downloads
References
Alebaikan, R., Alajlan, H., Almassaad, A., Alshamri, N., & Bain, Y. (2022). Experiences of middle school programming in an online learning environment. Behavioral Sciences, 12(11), 466. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12110466
Bloodworth, A., Conner, A. M., Miller, C., Franco, L., Foutz, T., & Hill, R. B. (2024). Robotics and coding: A framework for examining cognitive demand. Journal of Technology Education, 35(1), 7–31. https://doi.org/10.21061/jte.631
de Lira, C., Wong, R., Oje, O., Nketah, G., Adesope, O., & Ghods, A. (2022). Summer programming camps: Exploring project-based informal CS education in a rural community. International Journal of Computer Science Education in Schools, 5(4), 20–37. https://doi.org/10.21585/ijcses.v5i4.145
Díaz-Lauzurica, B., & Moreno-Salinas, D. (2023). Applying design thinking to enhance programming education in vocational and compulsory secondary schools. Applied Sciences, 13(23), 12792. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312792
Govender, R. G., & Govender, D. W. (2023). Using robotics in the learning of computer programming: Student experiences based on experiential learning cycles. Education Sciences, 13(3), 322. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030322
Hehanussa, D. J. A., Mote, A. A. K., Tomatala, A. D. Y., & Rahametwauw, A. B. (2023). Pelatihan coding menggunakan Scratch kepada siswa-siswi SD Negeri 100 Maluku Tengah. Pattimura Mengabdi: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(3), 38–43.
Herlambang, A. D., & Rachmadi, A. (2024). Computational thinking skills theorization in the vocational high school computer programming subject context. Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education), 9(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/elinvo.v9i1.64501
Irawan, E., Rosjanuardi, R., & Prabawanto, S. (2024). Promoting computational thinking through programming trends, tools, and educational approaches: A systematic review. JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika), 8(4). https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v8i4.26407
Kanoh, H. (2022). Technical high school students’ awareness and experience of programming. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of Japan Society for Science Education. https://doi.org/10.14935/jssep.46.0_451
Köhler, J., Hidalgo, L., & Jara, J. L. (2023). Predicting students’ outcomes in an introductory programming course: Leveraging the student background. Applied Sciences, 13(21), 11994. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111994
Komalasari, Y., Nugraha, M. E., Danim, S., & Razak, A. Z. A. (2024). Implementation of STEM learning with a scientific approach to improving critical, creative thinking, and learning outcomes. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.15294/nkwfa914
Kurnia, H., Pohan, N., & Purnama, P. A. W. (2024). Fluensi digital untuk siswa SD dalam kompetensi komputer di SDN 02 Lubuk Buaya Kota Padang. Jurnal IPTEK Bagi Masyarakat, 4(1), 13–24.
Lee, H.-Y., Lin, C.-J., Wang, W.-S., Chang, W.-C., & Huang, Y.-M. (2023). Precision education via timely intervention in K-12 computer programming course to enhance programming skill and affective-domain learning objectives. International Journal of STEM Education, 10, Article 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00444-5
Lestariani, N., Hasil, A., & Kognitif, B. (2023). Analisis hasil belajar kognitif mahasiswa melalui peningkatan otonomi belajar dan literasi informasi digital. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 8(2), 103–115.
Li, Z. (2023). Research on the application of programming in high school teaching. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media, 19, Article 3428. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/19/20231428
Liu, Z., Gearty, Z., Richard, E., Orrill, C. H., Kayumova, S., & Balasubramanian, R. (2024). Bringing computational thinking into classrooms: A systematic review on supporting teachers in integrating computational thinking into K-12 classrooms. International Journal of STEM Education, 11, Article 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00510-6
Okal, G., Y?ld?r?m, B., & Timur, S. (2020). The effect of coding education on 5th, 6th and 7th grade students’ programming self-efficacy and attitudes about technology. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 15(2), 143–165. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2020.251.8
Pohan, N., & Kurnia, H. (2023). Literasi digital untuk siswa MIN 5 Kota Padang. Jurnal IPTEK Bagi Masyarakat, 3(2), 55–63.
Pohan, N., Purnama, P. A. W., & Kurnia, H. (2025). Pengenalan aplikasi teknologi komputer untuk edukasi Islami bagi anak-anak TPQ Nurul Huda Gunung Pangilun, Kota Padang. Mandala Bakti (Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat), 1(3), 99–109.
Pohan, N., Yani, Z., & Noviardi, R. (2023). Sosialisasi cerdas berteknologi bagi anak dan remaja Mushalla Nurjannah. Diklat Review: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, 7(1), 95–101.
Romero, M., Lepage, A., & Lille, B. (2017). Computational thinking development through creative programming in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 14, Article 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-017-0080-z
Sakti, B. P. (2024). Pembelajaran coding di sekolah dasar. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Pendidikan Indonesia, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.31004/jpi.v4i1.326
Stewart, W., & Baek, K. (2023). Analyzing computational thinking studies in Scratch programming: A review of elementary education literature. International Journal of Computer Science Education in Schools, 6(1), 35–58. https://doi.org/10.21585/ijcses.v6i1.156
Yuliati, D., & Ulinnuha, N. (2025). BASIC PYTHON programming training to enhance digital literacy among students at SMA Wachid Hasyim 2 Sidoarjo. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani (JPMM), 9(1), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPMM.009.1.06
Zeeshan, K., Hämäläinen, T., & Neittaanmäki, P. (2024). Computational thinking and AI coding for kids to develop digital literacy. International Journal of Education, 12(3).
Bila bermanfaat silahkan share artikel ini
Berikan Komentar Anda terhadap artikel Optimalisasi Pengenalan Dasar Coding Berbasis Visual untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Digital Siswa Sekolah Menengah
ARTICLE HISTORY
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurmaliana Pohan, Harlan Kurnia AR, Pradani Ayu Widya Purnama
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
