ARBITRASE: Journal of Economics and Accounting

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Leverage terhadap Financial Distress dengan Pendekatan Altman Z-Score

Nora Niza Dwi Ramadhani — 2025-11-15

This study aims to assess the influence of company size and debt-to-asset ratio on financial distress in healthcare companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2021 to 2023. Financial distress is measured using the Altman Z-score method, while the independent variables consist of company size and the proportion of debt to total assets (DAR). This study adopts a quantitative method based on secondary data and applies a purposive sampling method, with 25 companies targeted as research subjects. Data analysis was performed through multiple linear regression using SPSS version 25 software. The results show that company size and leverage have a significant positive effect on financial distress. Company size has a significance value of 0.006 with a coefficient of 0.246, while leverage (DAR) shows a significance of 0.000 and a coefficient of 0.384. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.414 indicates that both independent variables are able to explain 41.4% of the variation in financial distress. Conclusion: Explains that company size and debt-to-asset ratio have a positive and significant impact on financial distress. This condition indicates that larger companies with higher leverage, as measured by the debt-to-asset ratio, tend to have higher Z-scores and indicate financial stability. This finding aligns with signaling theory, which assumes that a company's financial information serves as a positive signal to external parties.

Locus of Control dan Financial Technology dalam Memoderasi Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Keputusan Investasi

Muhammad Rafi Faisal — 2025-11-15

This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy on investment decisions and explore the moderating role of locus of control and financial technology among accounting students at UPN Veteran East Java. A quantitative approach was used with a survey method involving 93 respondents, and data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the assistance of SmartPLS 4. The results of the study indicate that financial literacy has a significant effect on investment decisions, with a T-statistic value of 3.073 and a P-value of 0.002. However, neither locus of control (T-statistic = 0.584; P-value = 0.559) nor financial technology (T-statistic = 0.702; P-value = 0.483) was found to moderate the relationship between financial literacy and investment decisions. The R-square value of 0.728 indicates that 72.8% of the investment decision variables can be explained by this model. These findings emphasize the importance of financial literacy in supporting rational investment decision-making, as well as the need to optimize the role of psychological factors and financial technology in the process.

Analisis Financial Sustainability dengan Size Sebagai Moderasi Pada Sektor Keuangan yang Terdaftar di BEI

Jennifer Jennifer — 2025-11-15

Banking financial sustainability is a vital indicator in maintaining the stability of the national financial system, especially amid global economic dynamics. This study investigates the effect of BOPO, NIM, and LDR on the Financial Sustainability Ratio (FSR) by taking into account bank size as a moderating variable. This study focuses on 33 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that consistently recorded profits during the 2020–2024 period, resulting in 165 annual observations. Secondary data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) assisted by SPSS 26. The results show that BOPO produces a significance value of 0.000<0.05, which has a significant negative effect on FSR, NIM with a significance value of 0.000<0.05, which has a significant positive effect, while LDR with a significant result of 0.195>0.05, which means that LDR has no effect. Size was proven to moderate the relationship between BOPO, NIM, and LDR with FSR, where the significance results of BOPO 0.011, NIM 0.014, and LDR 0.000 were smaller than 0.05, indicating that the operational scale can strengthen or weaken the influence of core financial variables on sustainability. These findings reinforce that cost efficiency, interest income optimization, and asset capacity are strategic synergies in maintaining long-term financial sustainability.

The Effectiveness of Link Village Financial System (Siskeudes) and Cash Management System (CMS)

Calvina Berlianti Rahmah — 2025-11-15

This qualitative case study research aims to analyze the effectiveness of using the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) application, namely Siskeudes Link, and Cash Management System (CMS), identify the constraints, and find solutions to these constraints using the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model. The research data were collected through direct interviews with seven informants from five villages in Malang Regency who had provided system assistance, direct observation of system usage, and implementation documentation. This study finds that Siskeudes Link and CMS had been running quite effectively both in terms of system quality and information quality, although constraints remained. In addition, the quality of service was also adequate even though users felt that additional features were needed. The use of the system had also been maximized according to the needs of the village apparatus, while the net benefits had been felt by users, although the system did not affect village expenditures and decision-making. Of the 21 indicators analyzed, 19 were found to be effective. However, 10 indicators still encountered challenges, including double transactions and input process issues, which have been addressed with data import and feature enhancements.

Thin Capitalization, Komisaris Independen, dan Capital Intensity Terhadap Tax Avoidance: Peran Moderasi Kepemilikan Institusional

Inggrid Panesa — 2025-11-15

This study aims to comprehensively examine the impact of thin capitalization, independent commissioners, and capital intensity on tax avoidance practices, with institutional ownership as a moderating factor. The data were obtained from the annual financial statements of companies listed in the LQ45 index during the 2020–2024 period. The analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and moderation regression analysis (MRA) with IBM SPSS version 26, to thoroughly test the relationships between variables. The research population consisted of 45 companies, with samples selected using purposive sampling according to predetermined inclusion criteria. The results indicate that thin capitalization, independent commissioners, and capital intensity does have an effect on tax avoidance but not significant. Meanwhile, institutional ownership has the potential to moderate the relationship between these three variables and tax avoidance. These findings provide both conceptual and practical implications for the development of literature on tax avoidance and can serve as a reference for company management and policymakers in formulating more effective tax management strategies.

Pengaruh Audit Tenure, Audit Fee, dan Ukuran KAP Terhadap Kualitas Audit

Andini Nurmalia Putri — 2025-11-15

This study aims to analyze the effect of audit tenure, audit fee, and KAP size on audit quality in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021-2024. Using a quantitative approach with a sample of 280 secondary data observations, this study was analyzed using logistic regression analysis processed using SPSS 21 software. The results show that audit tenure has no effect on audit quality (significance value of 0.559 > 0.05). Conversely, audit fees have a negative effect with a significance value of 0.001 < 0.05, and KAP size has no effect on audit quality with a significance value of 0.830 > 0.05. These findings indicate that the higher the audit fee, the lower the audit quality produced due to agreements between auditors and clients that have the potential to reduce audit quality. Audit tenure and KAP size do not necessarily guarantee better audit quality.

Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Leverage dan Komisaris Independen terhadap Agresivitas Pajak

Emelia Elisa Stefanny — 2025-11-15

This study aims to determine the effect of capital intensity, leverage, and independent commissioners on tax aggressiveness as measured by the Effective Tax Rate (ETR). The population of this study consists of 132 companies in the consumer non-cyclical sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. A total of 45 companies were obtained as samples using the purposive sampling method. The secondary data used in this study are annual financial statements obtained from the official IDX website at www.idx.co.id/id. The data analysis techniques employed include descriptive statistical tests, panel data regression analysis consisting of the Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange Multiplier test, as well as the coefficient of determination (R²) test, F-test, and t-test, using EViews 12 software. The model feasibility test results indicate that the Random Effect Model (REM) is appropriate for this study. The results of the panel data regression analysis, along with the coefficient of determination, F-test, and t-test, show that the probability value of the capital intensity variable is 0.6920 > 0.05 and that of independent commissioners is 0.0010 < 0.05, indicating no significant effect on tax aggressiveness, while the leverage variable with a probability value of 0.8792 > 0.05 has a significant effect on tax aggressiveness.

Dampak Penggunaan E Wallet terhadap Perilaku Belanja Mahasiswa dalam Perspektif Kemudahan dan Pengeluaran Impulsif

Ananda Fristia — 2025-11-15

The rapid growth of digital financial technology in Indonesia, particularly digital wallet (e-wallet) services, has transformed the way people conduct transactions, especially among university students. Easy access, fast payment processes, and attractive promotional offers have made e-wallets a common payment method in daily activities. However, behind this convenience lies the potential for increased impulsive buying behavior, characterized by unplanned purchases. This study aims to analyze the effect of e-wallet usage on students’ impulsive buying behavior by examining perceived ease of use and impulsive spending as parallel mediating variables. A quantitative approach was employed involving 270 student respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. The results indicate that e-wallet usage positively affects ease of use, impulsive spending, and impulsive buying behavior. Impulsive spending acts as a significant mediator, while ease of use does not serve as a mediating variable. These findings reinforce the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of digital consumer behavior and highlight the importance of financial literacy and spending control features to help students use e-wallets more wisely and minimize excessive consumer behavior

Modeling the Effect of Financial Literacy and Inclusion on MSME Sustainability Through Financial Management

Rahmat Hidayat — 2025-11-15

This study investigates the influence of financial literacy and financial inclusion on the sustainability of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Mamuju Regency, with financial management as a mediating variable. Data were collected from 112 MSME respondents and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS). The results reveal that financial literacy (? = 0.452, p < 0.001) and financial inclusion (? = 0.417, p < 0.001) both have significant positive effects on sustainability. Moreover, financial management emerged as the most influential factor (? = 0.779, p < 0.001) and significantly mediates the effects of both financial literacy (indirect ? = 0.353, p < 0.001) and financial inclusion (indirect ? = 0.325, p < 0.001) on sustainability. These findings highlight that while knowledge and access are crucial, effective financial management is the key mechanism through which MSMEs can achieve long-term sustainability. The study contributes to the literature by clarifying the mediating role of financial management and offers practical recommendations for strengthening MSME financial practices and policies.